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I
MPROVE
YOUR
E
NGLISH
PRONUNCIATION
and learn over 500 commonly
mispronounced words
This book will hopefully be of help to anyone
who struggles with learning English.
© J
AKUB
M
ARIAN
, 2013
Follow the author on
or
First Edition, August 2013
The PDF version of this book has no associated ISBN.
Author and Publisher:
Jakub Marian
Sewanstraße 217
10319 Berlin
Germany
The image of the head on the front cover is copyrighted by
Andrey
Ospishchev
and licensed from
fotolia.com
.
B
EFORE
YOU
START
READING
This is a single-household edition of the book, which means that you are
allowed to distribute it to all members of your household (for details see be-
low). If you would like to send the book to your friend, you can buy a gift
copy at
The price for an electronic version of this book is set to
$4.99
. The
reason is that I believe educational materials should be affordable by
everyone and consider pricing a language textbook at dozens of dol-
lars (which is quite common) to be exploitation of those who need it.
On the other hand, not being willing to pay anything at all for many
hundreds or thousands of hours of work a book like this one re-
quires significantly undermines the ability of independent authors
to produce high quality content.
If you happen to have found this book freely available on the In-
ternet (from an illegal source), please consider buying a legal ver-
sion (there is a PDF, Kindle, and Paperback edition) which is also
the only one guaranteed to be up to date. You can find links to all
the versions at
As for the
licence for the PDF edition
—you can make as
many physical or electronic copies as you wish and share them with
the members of your household (there’s no need to buy a separate
copy for your spouse, children, or roommates). You can convert the
book to any format you wish for your personal use. However, if you
want to send it to a friend (or generally someone not within your
household), please buy the gift edition mentioned above (or just
send them the link, so that they can buy their own copy). You are
not allowed to share the book publicly in any way.
If you find any
error
in the book, be it a factual or grammatical error, a
typo, or a formatting issue, please send me an email to
 W
HAT
TO
EXPECT
FROM
THIS
BOOK
The first part of this book is concerned with words that are most
commonly pronounced wrong by English learners. Pronunciation is
written using the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA), which is
standard among contemporary English dictionaries, and using a
pseudo-English notation that uses just four IPA characters (ə, æ,
ʌ
,
and ð).
If you can’t read IPA yet, don’t worry; getting used to the pseudo-
English notation will be just a matter of minutes (the rules will be
explained at the beginning of the first chapter), and you will be able
to read most of it right away. The list of words looks like this:
height
[
haɪt]
(
haayt
); the pronunciation is as if it were written
“hight”. The “e” is there just to confuse foreigners.
wolf
[
wʊlf
] (
w
oo
lf
); this is one of a few words in which a single “o”
is pronounced as [
ʊ
] (as “oo” in “good”). Other examples include
woman
[ˈ
wʊmən
] (
w
oo
-mən
), and similar words
womb
[
wuːm
]
(
woom
), the organ in which a child before birth is, and
tomb
[
tuːm
] (
toom
), a place in which remains of dead people are stored.
Tombstone
is pronounced “
toom
-stone
”.
Greenwich
[
ˈgrɛnɪtʃ
] (
gren
-itch
) or [ˈ
grɪnɪdʒ
] (
grin
-idzh
); you prob-
ably know this word from the Greenwich Mean Time (GMT)
standard. Just remember that there is no green witch in Green-
wich.
colonel
[ˈ
k
h
ɜːn
ə
l
] (
kə’ə
-nl
)
UK
, [ˈ
k
h
ɝːn
ə
l
] (
kər
-nl
)
US
; is there a kernel in-
side a colonel (a military officer)? Well, at least in pronunciation,
there is (they are pronounced the same).
After finishing the first part of this book, you will have learned more
than
300 such words
.
In the second part of this book, you will learn about the most
common patterns of errors in English. You will learn that “eu” in
 English is usually pronounced [
juː
] (
yoo
) or [
uː
] (
oo
) (as in
neutral
=
“
n(y)oo
-trəl
”), that “x” at the beginning of a word is pronounced as
[
z
] (as in
Xerox
= “
zee
-roks
”), and several dozen more such rules.
There’s also a list of words in which “o” is pronounced as [
ʌ
] (as
in “come”) which learners often mistakenly pronounce as [
o
] (there
are about
40 such common words
). For example:
front
[
frʌnt
] (
frʌnt
)
onion
[ˈ
ʌnjən
] (
ʌn
-yən
)
won
[ˈ
wʌn
] (
wʌn
)
You will also learn about words that can be pronounced in two
different ways such as “
wind
”:
(NOUN)
[
wɪnd
] (
win’d
) is a movement of air (it can also be a verb
meaning “to blow to a wind instrument”).
(VERB)
[
waɪnd
] (
waaynd
) means “to turn, especially something
around something else”. For example, a river or a way can
“
waaynd
”, or you can “
waaynd
” a wire around a coil.
Many such words differ only in stress position, for example:
conserve
; [
kənˈsɜːv
] (
kən-
sə’əv
)
UK
, [
kənˈsɝːv
] (
kən-
sərv
)
US
(VERB)
means “to use as little as possible” (e.g. “to conserve energy”) or
“to protect something from being destroyed” (e.g. “to conserve
wildlife”); [
ˈkɒnsɜːv
] (
konn
-sə’əv
)
UK
, [
ˈkɑːnsɝːv
] (
kaan
-sərv
)
US
(NOUN)
is synonymous to “whole fruit jam”. Unlike in other lan-
guages, it
isn’t
synonymous to a can (an aluminium container).
Finally, in the third part of this book, you will learn the Interna-
tional Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) and basics of English phonology.
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